Module 3: Basic Prompt Patterns

Common structures for effective AI conversations.

Introduction

Hello again! In Module 2, we dissected prompts into Clarity, Context, and Instruction. Now, let's look at common recipes – or Prompt Patterns. These are standard ways to structure prompts for different tasks.

We'll cover four fundamental patterns: Direct Instructions, Question-Based, Step-by-Step Guidance, and Role-Based prompts.

Learning Objectives:

  • Identify four basic prompt patterns.
  • Understand when each pattern is most useful.
  • Apply these patterns to structure your own prompts.
  • Recognize how combining patterns with Clarity, Context, and Instruction makes them powerful.

How this Connects: This module uses components from Module 2 and puts them into practical structures. It prepares you for Module 4: Providing Context and Background.

Core Content: Four Basic Patterns

1. Direct Instruction Pattern

Telling the AI exactly what to do using command verbs (Write, Summarize, List, Generate, Explain). Best for specific, well-defined tasks.

Structure: `[Action Verb] + [Task Description] + [Context/Constraints]`

Example: Summarize the main points of the article at [URL] in three bullet points.

2. Question-Based Pattern

Asking the AI a direct question (What is...?, How do I...?, Why did...?). Ideal for information retrieval and explanations.

Structure: `[Question Word(s)] + [Specific Topic] + [Context]`

Example: What are the key differences between Python 2 and Python 3 for a beginner programmer?

3. Step-by-Step Guidance Pattern

Breaking down a complex task into smaller, sequential steps for the AI. Useful for multi-stage tasks or workflows.

Structure: Often uses numbered lists or "First, ... Second, ..."

Example: First, identify the main characters... Second, describe the primary conflict... Third, suggest a resolution.

Reflection:

Can you think of a task where step-by-step instructions would be much better than a single command?

4. Role-Based Pattern (Persona)

Assigning a specific role or persona to the AI (Act as a..., You are a...). Excellent for controlling tone, style, perspective, or expertise.

Structure: `Act as a [Role/Persona]. [Your Request/Question]`

Example: Act as an experienced marketing consultant. Review the following product description...

Practical Examples: Patterns in Action

Goal: Get ideas for a vacation.

Direct Instruction: List 5 European cities known for historical significance and good food.

Question-Based: What are some affordable beach destinations in Southeast Asia...?

Role-Based: Act as a luxury travel planner. Suggest a 7-day itinerary for... Italy...

Goal: Solve a problem (organize garage).

Step-by-Step: I need to organize my messy garage. First, suggest categories... Second, recommend storage solutions... Third, outline a weekend plan...

Key Insight:

Effective prompts often blend a pattern with Clarity, Context, and Instruction (from Module 2).

Check Your Understanding

1. The prompt "Translate the following sentence into French: 'Hello, how are you?'" primarily uses which pattern?

2. "Act as a master chef. Give me a recipe for authentic lasagna." uses which pattern most prominently?

3. Which pattern is best suited for breaking down a complex project plan?

4. A user wants to know the capital of Australia. Which pattern is the most straightforward approach?

Hands-On Exercise: Using Different Patterns

Let's practice applying patterns to get healthy breakfast ideas.

Instructions:

  1. Write a prompt using the **Direct Instruction** pattern.
  2. Write another prompt for the *same goal* using the **Role-Based** pattern.
  3. Enter both prompts below.

Expected Outcome:

You should have two different prompts aiming for the same goal, showcasing the different structures.

Prompt Grading Section

Evaluate the prompts you created above. Paste them here and consider the criteria.

Evaluation Criteria (Self-Check):

1. Pattern Appropriateness: Does the first prompt use a command verb? Does the second assign a role? (Yes/No for each)

2. Clarity within Pattern (Rate 1-5): For *both* prompts, how specific is the request? Did you include details like time limits, ingredients, goals, or desired output format?

Suggestion for Improvement:

Patterns give structure, but Clarity, Context, and Instruction make them truly effective. Ensure your prompts have specific details!

Module Summary

Fantastic! You've learned four fundamental ways to structure your prompts.

Key Takeaways:

  • **Direct Instruction:** Use command verbs for specific tasks.
  • **Question-Based:** Ask direct questions for information.
  • **Step-by-Step:** Break down complex tasks sequentially.
  • **Role-Based:** Assign a persona to control tone/style/expertise.
  • Combine patterns with Clarity, Context, and Instruction.

Next Steps: In Module 4: Providing Context and Background, we'll focus on giving the AI the right details.